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Good morning, all. Let's get going. So I guess you had your quiz review yesterday. I hope you guys didn't beat up on (name of TA) and who else was it? (Name of TA) too much. As you know, the quiz is tomorrow. And unfortunately MIT couldn't give us one big room so we are broken up into three rooms. And you will go to your room based on the first letter of your last name. OK, so today we shall cover a topic called "Large Signal Analysis". So in the last couple lectures we looked at one dependent sources abstractly, and then we looked at an amplifier built using a practical dependent source called the MOSFET. Now, the MOSFET had to be operated in a given region of its operation in order to behave like a current source. And while it behaved like a current source you would get amplification or a FET amplifier. So that was in the past two lectures. What you are going to do today is called large signal analysis, and this is a loaded term. So large signal an...

OK, good morning all. So before we begin, I just thought I'd show you a little news item that I happened to read that was very relevant to what we covered recently in 6.002. So you recall when we did the digital section a few days ago last Thursday, we talked about a switch. We talked about the MOSFET switch, which when turned on and off, by input signals could help build gates which would then be combined in tens of millions of quantities and go into chips like the Pentium 4 and AMD Athlon 64, and so on it so forth. So I just saw this news item that I came across, and this says they are rethinking the basic construction of the products. It talks about the semiconductor manufacturers like AMD, Intel, and others that build digital chips. They are rethinking the basic construction of the products down to the architecture of the transistor. That's a MOS transistor, and the on/off switch inside the chip. OK, now this might imply that there is a single switch inside th...

All right. Good morning all. Today we embark on another new chapter in what we do. And the topic is going to be -- We will talk about this thing called an Operational Amplifier. Before I get into the lecture, I want to point out a couple of things. One is that you are going to hear about two big words in today's lecture. Two big and incredibly important words. And I want to mention those words to you right now so that when I come to them in lecture you can say OK, I better pay really close attention, these are important words. All right. One of them is abstraction. The second one is feedback. Two incredibly important concepts. Abstraction, you have been seeing a couple times during this course, once in the beginning where we abstracted out Maxwell's equations by focusing on a smaller playground and simply using KVL, KCL in place of those equations. A big abstraction. It turns out that almost all of EECS is based upon abstractions at various levels. In the first le...

All right. Good morning, all. So we take another big step forward today and get onto a new plane of understanding, if you will. In the last week and a half, our focus was on the storage element or storage elements called inductors and capacitors. And capacitors stored change and inductors essentially stored energy in the field, the magnetic flux. And the state variable for an inductor was the current while that for a capacitor was the capacitor voltage. We also looked at circuits containing a single storage element, we looked at RC circuits and we also looked at circuits containing a single inductor. And this was a single inductor with a resistor and a current source or a voltage source and so on. What we are going to do today is do what are called "second-order systems". So they are on the next plane now. And with this second-order of systems, they are characterized by circuits containing two independent storage elements. They could be an inductor and a capacit...